In the Can Satellite (“CANVAS”), the battery is a critical component that supplies power to the satellite’s electronic systems, allowing for autonomous operation during flight.
In compact and lightweight satellite platforms, battery performance and efficiency are crucial factors that can determine mission success.
Roles of the Battery in CanSat
Power Supply for the Entire System
During flight, there is no access to external power sources. All components—including sensors, camera, GPS, communication modules, and the onboard control board (OBC)—are powered exclusively by the battery.Ensuring Mission Duration
The battery must maintain sufficient voltage and capacity (e.g., 3.7V, 2000mAh) to ensure all devices operate reliably throughout the mission, which typically lasts from a few seconds to several minutes.Low-Voltage Protection and Stability
Certain circuits can malfunction or become damaged under overvoltage or undervoltage conditions. Therefore, voltage stability is essential.
In many cases, the battery is used in conjunction with a voltage regulator (e.g., AMS1117) to ensure safe operation.Lightweight and Safety Considerations
Due to the total weight limit of a CanSat (typically under 300g), compact and lightweight batteries are essential. The selected battery must also meet safety standards suitable for high-vibration and variable-temperature environments.
Battery Selection Considerations for CanSat
Parameter | Description | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Voltage | Must match the system requirements (e.g., 3.7V, 5V) | Check compatibility with onboard components |
Capacity | Sufficient mAh to support operation duration | Critical for continuous mission performance |
Discharge Rate (C Rating) | Important for systems with high current demands | Prevents voltage drops under load |
Rechargeability | Rechargeable batteries preferred for repeated experiments | Enables reuse and cost efficiency |
Safety | Confirm presence of protection circuit (BMS) for overcharge/discharge | Essential for system and component protection |
Estimated Current Consumption of CanSat Components
System Component | Estimated Current Consumption |
|---|---|
MCU Board (OBC) | ~50–150 mA |
Sensor Modules | ~30–100 mA |
Camera Module | ~100–200 mA |
RF Transceiver Module | Up to 250 mA or higher |
Total (Example) | ~400–600 mA → At least 100 mAh required for 10-minute operation |
Conclusion
The battery serves as the heart of the CanSat, powering all onboard electronic systems.
Balancing stability, capacity, and weight is critical to the success of any CanSat mission.
